Pedagogy MCQs (page 54 of 100)
Learning theories, child development, motivation, philosophy of education, teaching methods, curriculum and assessment, measurement and evaluation, classroom management, guidance and counselling, inclusive education, research, planning and school leadership, and Pakistan's education system. Includes applied, scenario-based questions in the style of recent FPSC SST (General) papers. For educator, SST, ESE, lecturer and other teaching posts.
1,997 questions. Select an option to check your answer, or open "Show answer". Showing 1061–1080.
- 1061.
In Piaget's theory, an organised pattern of thought or action is called a:
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Answer: D. Schema
Schemas are mental frameworks that are built and revised through experience.
- 1062.
Fitting new information into an existing schema is called:
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Answer: B. Assimilation
A child who calls every four-legged animal a "dog" is assimilating.
- 1063.
Changing an existing schema to fit new information is called:
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Answer: B. Accommodation
The child creates a new schema for "cat" after learning that not all four-legged animals are dogs.
- 1064.
The process by which a learner balances assimilation and accommodation is called:
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Answer: C. Equilibration
Cognitive conflict (disequilibrium) drives learners to restructure their thinking.
- 1065.
Piaget's approach to learning is best classified as:
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Answer: C. Cognitive constructivism
Piaget saw children as actively constructing knowledge through interaction with the environment.
- 1066.
Lev Vygotsky's theory is known as:
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Answer: B. Sociocultural theory
Vygotsky stressed the role of social interaction and culture in cognitive development.
- 1067.
The gap between what a learner can do alone and what they can do with help is called the:
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Answer: B. Zone of Proximal Development
Vygotsky argued that teaching is most effective within this zone.
- 1068.
In Vygotsky's theory, a more knowledgeable other (MKO) is:
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Answer: B. Anyone with greater skill who can guide the learner
The MKO can be a teacher, peer, parent or even a computer program.
- 1069.
The term "scaffolding" in education was introduced by:
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Answer: A. Wood, Bruner and Ross
Their 1976 paper used scaffolding for the temporary support an adult gives a learner, building on Vygotsky's ideas.
- 1070.
Scaffolding in teaching means:
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Answer: D. Giving temporary support that is withdrawn as the learner becomes competent
Like scaffolding on a building, the support is removed once it is no longer needed.
- 1071.
According to Vygotsky, private speech (talking to oneself) in children:
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Answer: D. Helps them guide and regulate their thinking
Piaget saw it as egocentric; Vygotsky saw it as a tool for self-regulation that becomes inner speech.
- 1072.
Vygotsky believed that learning:
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Answer: D. Leads development
Good instruction runs slightly ahead of development and pulls it forward.
- 1073.
Which approach is most closely associated with Vygotsky?
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Answer: B. Social constructivism
Knowledge is co-constructed through social interaction and language.
- 1074.
Discovery learning is most closely associated with:
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Answer: B. Jerome Bruner
Bruner argued that learners understand best when they discover principles for themselves.
- 1075.
Bruner's three modes of representation, in order of development, are:
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Answer: C. Enactive, iconic, symbolic
Action-based, then image-based, then language and symbol-based representation.
- 1076.
Learning by handling real objects corresponds to Bruner's:
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Answer: C. Enactive mode
Enactive representation is knowledge stored as actions.
- 1077.
Using pictures and diagrams corresponds to Bruner's:
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Answer: C. Iconic mode
Iconic representation stores knowledge as images.
- 1078.
Bruner's idea that key concepts should be revisited at increasing levels of complexity is called the:
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Answer: A. Spiral curriculum
Bruner claimed any subject can be taught in some honest form to any child at any stage of development.
- 1079.
Meaningful reception learning was proposed by:
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Answer: D. David Ausubel
Ausubel argued that well-organised expository teaching can produce meaningful learning.
- 1080.
Ausubel's "advance organiser" is:
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Answer: C. Introductory material that links new content to what learners already know
Advance organisers provide a framework for incoming information.