Pedagogy MCQs (page 55 of 100)
Learning theories, child development, motivation, philosophy of education, teaching methods, curriculum and assessment, measurement and evaluation, classroom management, guidance and counselling, inclusive education, research, planning and school leadership, and Pakistan's education system. Includes applied, scenario-based questions in the style of recent FPSC SST (General) papers. For educator, SST, ESE, lecturer and other teaching posts.
1,997 questions. Select an option to check your answer, or open "Show answer". Showing 1081–1100.
- 1081.
According to Ausubel, the most important single factor influencing learning is:
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Answer: C. What the learner already knows
"Ascertain this and teach him accordingly," Ausubel wrote.
- 1082.
Robert Gagné is best known for:
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Answer: B. Conditions of learning and the nine events of instruction
Gagné linked types of learning outcomes to the instructional conditions that produce them.
- 1083.
The first of Gagné's nine events of instruction is:
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Answer: C. Gaining attention
The sequence begins with gaining attention and informing learners of the objective.
- 1084.
The last of Gagné's nine events of instruction is:
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Answer: A. Enhancing retention and transfer
Instruction ends by helping learners retain the skill and apply it in new situations.
- 1085.
In Gagné's hierarchy of learning, the highest type of learning is:
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Answer: D. Problem solving
Gagné's eight types run from signal learning at the bottom to problem solving at the top.
- 1086.
Information processing theory compares the human mind to:
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Answer: D. A computer
Information is received, encoded, stored and retrieved, much as a computer processes data.
- 1087.
In the Atkinson–Shiffrin model, information first enters:
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Answer: A. Sensory memory
Sensory memory holds input for a very brief moment before attention passes some of it on.
- 1088.
According to George Miller, short-term memory can hold about:
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Answer: D. 7 ± 2 items
His 1956 paper was titled "The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two".
- 1089.
Grouping individual items into larger meaningful units to remember them is called:
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Answer: A. Chunking
Remembering 0300-1234567 as three chunks is easier than eleven separate digits.
- 1090.
The forgetting curve was first described by:
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Answer: C. Hermann Ebbinghaus
Ebbinghaus showed that most forgetting happens soon after learning.
- 1091.
When old learning interferes with recalling new learning, it is called:
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Answer: A. Proactive interference
Pro = forward: earlier learning disrupts later learning.
- 1092.
When new learning makes it harder to recall old learning, it is called:
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Answer: D. Retroactive interference
Retro = backward: later learning disrupts earlier learning.
- 1093.
Spaced practice, compared with massed practice (cramming), generally leads to:
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Answer: D. Better long-term retention
Distributing study over time is one of the most reliable findings in learning research.
- 1094.
Metacognition means:
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Answer: B. Thinking about one's own thinking and learning
Planning, monitoring and evaluating one's own learning are metacognitive skills.
- 1095.
Constructivism holds that learners:
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Answer: A. Actively build their own understanding from experience
Constructivist teaching uses inquiry, discussion and problem-solving.
- 1096.
Kolb's experiential learning cycle begins with:
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Answer: D. Concrete experience
The cycle is concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualisation, active experimentation.
- 1097.
The VARK model of learning preferences stands for:
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Answer: D. Visual, Aural, Read/write, Kinaesthetic
Neil Fleming's VARK describes how learners prefer to take in information.
- 1098.
Erik Erikson's theory describes development in terms of:
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Answer: D. Psychosocial stages
Erikson proposed eight stages, each centred on a social conflict.
- 1099.
How many stages are there in Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
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Answer: D. Eight
The stages run from infancy (trust vs mistrust) to old age (integrity vs despair).
- 1100.
The first of Erikson's psychosocial stages is:
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Answer: D. Trust vs mistrust
Infants learn whether the world is reliable through consistent care.