Pedagogy MCQs (page 74 of 100)
Learning theories, child development, motivation, philosophy of education, teaching methods, curriculum and assessment, measurement and evaluation, classroom management, guidance and counselling, inclusive education, research, planning and school leadership, and Pakistan's education system. Includes applied, scenario-based questions in the style of recent FPSC SST (General) papers. For educator, SST, ESE, lecturer and other teaching posts.
1,997 questions. Select an option to check your answer, or open "Show answer". Showing 1461–1480.
- 1461.
The Likert scale, commonly used to measure attitudes, was developed by:
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Answer: D. Rensis Likert
Respondents rate statements from "strongly agree" to "strongly disagree".
- 1462.
Using several sources or methods to check research findings is called:
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Answer: B. Triangulation
Combining interviews, observation and documents increases credibility.
- 1463.
Rejecting a null hypothesis that is actually true is a:
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Answer: C. Type I error
A Type II error is failing to reject a null hypothesis that is false.
- 1464.
A study that follows the same group of people over many years is:
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Answer: A. Longitudinal
A cross-sectional study compares different groups at one point in time.
- 1465.
Informed consent in research means participants:
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Answer: D. Agree to take part after understanding the purpose and risks
Ethical research also protects privacy and the right to withdraw.
- 1466.
Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme scores?
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Answer: A. Mean
One very high or low score pulls the mean towards it.
- 1467.
The most frequently occurring score in a set of data is the:
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Answer: B. Mode
A distribution can have more than one mode.
- 1468.
The middle score when data are arranged in order is the:
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Answer: A. Median
Half the scores lie above it and half below.
- 1469.
What is the mean of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10?
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Answer: B. 6
The sum is 30, and 30 ÷ 5 = 6.
- 1470.
What is the median of 9, 3, 7, 1 and 5?
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Answer: B. 5
In order, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9; the middle value is 5.
- 1471.
The difference between the highest and lowest scores is the:
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Answer: B. Range
The range is the simplest measure of spread.
- 1472.
Standard deviation is a measure of:
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Answer: A. Variability or spread of scores
A larger standard deviation means scores are more spread out.
- 1473.
Variance is equal to:
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Answer: A. The square of the standard deviation
The standard deviation is the square root of the variance.
- 1474.
A correlation coefficient can range from:
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Answer: B. −1 to +1
Values near ±1 show a strong relationship; values near 0 show little linear relationship.
- 1475.
A correlation of −0.85 between hours of TV watched and test scores indicates:
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Answer: C. A strong negative relationship
As TV hours rise, scores tend to fall. Correlation alone does not prove causation.
- 1476.
Pearson's product-moment correlation is used with:
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Answer: A. Interval or ratio data
Spearman's rank correlation is used with ranked (ordinal) data.
- 1477.
A scale with a true zero point, such as height or weight, is a:
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Answer: A. Ratio scale
Ratio scales allow statements such as "twice as heavy".
- 1478.
Classifying students by gender or province uses a:
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Answer: C. Nominal scale
Nominal data are categories with no order.
- 1479.
Ranking students as first, second and third uses a:
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Answer: B. Ordinal scale
Ordinal data have an order but unequal intervals.
- 1480.
A graph of cumulative frequencies is called an:
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Answer: B. Ogive
Ogives help find medians and percentiles.